Mmpi-2

Furthermore, clinicians use the Harris-Lingoes subscales and Content Scales to understand why a scale is elevated. For example, two people with high Scale 2 (Depression) might be different: one suffers from low self-esteem, the other from physical lethargy.

The MMPI-2 consists of 567 true/false items organized into several overlapping scale sets. mmpi-2

The MMPI-2 yields a profile of scores across 10 clinical scales, which are used to assess various psychological conditions. The scales include: The MMPI-2 yields a profile of scores across

, a "deep feature" refers to the underlying, enduring personality characteristics that are measured by the test, rather than temporary emotional states or situational symptoms [16, 17]. Unlike brief psychological assessments, the MMPI-2 is designed to capture stable traits that often require long-term therapeutic intervention to shift [11, 16]. Core Concept: Stability Over Time Enduring Traits: Core Concept: Stability Over Time Enduring Traits: Reaction

Reaction to stress through physical symptoms or denial.

In the context of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2)

| Scale | Name | Description (High scores indicate) | |-------|----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 1 | Hypochondriasis (Hs) | Excessive bodily concern, somatic complaints, health anxiety | | 2 | Depression (D) | Dysphoria, hopelessness, low self-esteem, social withdrawal | | 3 | Hysteria (Hy) | Stress-related physical symptoms, naivete, limited insight | | 4 | Psychopathic Deviate (Pd) | Antisocial tendencies, rule-breaking, shallow affect, family conflict | | 5 | Masculinity-Femininity (Mf) | Traditional gender role interests (interpretation varies by gender) | | 6 | Paranoia (Pa) | Suspiciousness, persecutory ideas, rigidity, grandiosity | | 7 | Psychasthenia (Pt) | Anxiety, obsessive thoughts, compulsions, fear, indecisiveness | | 8 | Schizophrenia (Sc) | Bizarre thoughts, social alienation, disorganization, hallucinations | | 9 | Hypomania (Ma) | Elevated mood, grandiosity, impulsivity, high energy (but not necessarily bipolar) | | 0 | Social Introversion (Si) | Social discomfort, shyness, preference for solitary activities |